George Bernard Shaw (July 26, 1856 – November 2, 1950), known as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist, and socialist activist.
Born in Dublin to a Protestant family, he moved to London in 1876, struggled as a novelist and journalist, then revolutionized theater with witty, idea-driven plays like Pygmalion (1913) and Saint Joan (1923). A Fabian socialist, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1925 and an Oscar for Pygmalion's screenplay (1938). His influence on Western culture spanned nearly seven decades.
The Lagna, the Moon, Mercury and Rahu have all occupied Vargottama positions, and this is a unique feature. Mercury, the planet of intelligence and intellect, and Jupiter, the planet of wisdom, have been posited in their own houses while the Moon,planet for mind, is exalted.
The position of Mercury in his own sign in the 2nd or house of intelligence indicates Shaw's rapidly working mind and Saturn's association suggests his tantalising yet charming perversity. The same disposition of Mercury made him a witty conversationalist giving him his paradoxical and extremely complex nature. Mercury is in the house of wealth elevated by Vargottama and his association with the 9th and 10th lord Saturn—a yogakaraka for this horoscope—is suggestive of his financial gains and public favour through writing ; Mercury also gave him the power of searching analysis.
Venus in conjunction with the 4th lord made him a successful music and art critic. The Moon (mind) aspected by Mars, Mercury (intelligence) associated with Saturn and Jupiter (wisdom) associated with Rahu and aspected by Saturn (both in Rasi and Navamsa) made him a ''crank and visionary".
Yearwise Biography
- 1856: Born on July 26 in Dublin, Ireland, to George Carr Shaw (failed grain merchant) and Lucinda Elizabeth Gurly Shaw; third child in a Protestant family of English descent.
- 1871: At age 15, left school and worked as a junior clerk in a Dublin land agent's office, rising to head cashier; began self-education through reading.
- 1876: At 20, moved to London to join his mother and sister, living off them while pursuing writing; dropped "George" from his name, styling himself Bernard Shaw.
- 1882: Declared himself a socialist after reading Karl Marx's Das Kapital in French; began contributing to radical publications.
- 1884: Joined the Fabian Society, becoming a leading orator and co-founder with Sidney and Beatrice Webb; wrote his first novel, Immaturity.
- 1892: First play, Widowers' Houses, produced by the Independent Theatre Society; marked his shift to drama with social critique.
- 1895: Became music and drama critic for The Saturday Review, honing his witty style; published Plays Unpleasant.
- 1897: First commercial success with The Devil's Disciple in New York; quit criticism to focus on playwriting.
- 1898: Married Charlotte Payne-Townshend, an Irish heiress, on June 1; no children, but a supportive partnership.
- 1903: Premiered Man and Superman at the Royal Court Theatre, introducing his "Life Force" philosophy.
- 1905: Major Barbara and The Doctor's Dilemma staged, solidifying his reputation for intellectual drama.
- 1912: Published Pygmalion, a satire on class and language, later adapted into My Fair Lady.
- 1913: Pygmalion premiered in Vienna; Shaw became a global literary figure.
- 1923: Saint Joan premiered, earning critical acclaim for its historical drama.
- 1925: Awarded Nobel Prize in Literature "for his work which is marked by both idealism and humanity, its stimulating satire often being infused with a singular poetic beauty."
- 1930–1950: Complete works published in 36 volumes; continued writing essays and prefaces.
- 1938: Won Academy Award for Pygmalion screenplay, the first for an Irish writer.
- 1950: Died on November 2 at Ayot St Lawrence, England, aged 94, from injuries after falling from a tree while trimming branches; buried there.
Family
- Parents: George Carr Shaw (father, failed merchant) and Lucinda Elizabeth Gurly Shaw (mother, singer).
- Siblings: Two sisters, Lucy (music hall singer) and Elinor (died young).
- Wife: Charlotte Payne-Townshend (married 1898, no children).
Health
- Generally robust, vegetarian and teetotaler; died from injuries sustained in a fall at age 94.
Wealth
- Lived modestly early on, later comfortably from royalties; donated Nobel Prize money to promote Swedish literature.
Honors
- Nobel Prize in Literature (1925); Academy Honorary Award (1938); Order of Merit (1946).
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